POME is a liquid waste generated during the palm oil production process. It contains organic matter and nutrients that can be recovered and converted into valuable resources.
Waste oleins are a byproduct of the oil refining process and their characteristics can vary depending on the type of seed from which they come, such as rapeseed, soy, or palm oil.
Rapeseed oil is derived from the rapeseed plant, which is a member of the mustard family and is grown in many parts of the world, making it a readily available and cost-effective fuel source.
Citric acid is used as a catalyst in biodiesel production due to its high acidity and ability to promote the transesterification reaction, which is a critical step in producing biodiesel.
Phosphoric acid is used as a catalyst in biodiesel production due to its high acidity and ability to promote the esterification reaction, which is a critical step in producing biodiesel from high free fatty acid (FFA) feedstocks.